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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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5 `% {/ z; P0 x! \7 {1 B “They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”/ M8 O3 a) M2 B7 T; ^
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
2 m: }) c6 U$ u6 F W/ W5 r “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”" m9 ~/ ?$ l( R. K7 K, K" a) @$ d
不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:
, h$ G' }8 s/ p- i+ v( D “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”. G, d, g1 }6 _2 |3 Y: q( s! S
不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。
" k- W n% o5 v1 o/ n 现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
# d a, D' }3 ~! A0 W Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:
, \' \) v7 b B9 s0 t1 a6 h# _9 | Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:
" J3 Z7 R; L2 W* f9 R ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.5 X0 Y. t$ D9 T' [% _$ t
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.+ s" F1 X& `: B" r0 X1 n. V7 P
Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
2 ^* z' m: }" ?: r- G But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:5 z7 y% y; `" _- @3 z
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.6 x! }- E# r: J* Y$ m0 W
④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small., L3 Q- b8 B: T4 U' @0 }8 [; a2 z
Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:2 } A1 R1 s. e" C
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
$ [% S1 i- @7 u" f; H) G ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
8 G- V. h- ^" {6 U: `* f6 a% x ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.( w5 y. L7 m& z
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
$ M2 D) H( b8 Z; [/ S Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:
6 w4 F& d& z3 i0 J ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
2 m0 O+ g1 P: | ~2 P ⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.0 I* ^2 {& q0 I- x; x
Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:2 ]. W* x# X4 B M
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:: f( {$ S, m( U0 p' [
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".2 a* V5 a$ S4 Q0 Q0 o
Ⅵ表示“结束”:2 y; ~, l/ T b/ m. ~% r9 `( l: [8 p
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
& ?- a" a0 J h* C ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.6 R) t1 A o( [* P: q
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